Best Zeolite for Isomerization
Two zeolites dominate commercial isomerization, each matched to one of the two distinct applications: SAPO-11 for n-alkane hydroisomerization and dewaxing, Beta zeolite for xylene and aromatic isomerization. The choice is determined by your feedstock, not by a single “best” zeolite.
Quick Decision Guide
| Application | Best Zeolite | Why |
|---|---|---|
| n-Alkane hydroisomerization, dewaxing | SAPO-11 | 10-MR AEL channels, mild acidity, high isomer selectivity, minimal cracking |
| Xylene isomerization to p-xylene | Beta | 12-MR 3D pores, strong acidity for aromatic isomerization |
| Ethylbenzene conversion | Beta + Pt/Pt-Sn | Bifunctional metal/acid catalyst |
| Lube base oil / diesel cold-flow | SAPO-11 + Pt | Isomerises wax n-paraffins while preserving liquid yield |
Zeolite Comparison
| Property | SAPO-11 | Beta |
|---|---|---|
| Framework | AEL | BEA |
| Pore system | 10-MR 1D, elliptical (~4.0 × 6.5 Å) | 12-MR 3D (~6.6 Å) |
| Acidity | Mild | Strong |
| Isomer selectivity (n-alkanes) | Very high, minimal cracking | Moderate (more cracking) |
| Aromatic isomerization | Not applicable | Yes |
| Typical metal function | Pt | Pt or Pt/Sn |
| Primary application | Dewaxing, hydroisomerization | Xylenes, ethylbenzene |
How to Choose
For n-alkane hydroisomerization — SAPO-11. Its mild acidity and constrained 10-MR pores selectively isomerise linear paraffins to branched isomers with minimal cracking — the balance that preserves liquid yield in dewaxing. With Pt, Pt/SAPO-11 converts long-chain n-alkanes to mono- and di-branched iso-paraffins, improving pour point and cloud point while maximising base-oil yield.
For aromatic isomerization — Beta. Its 12-MR 3D pores provide access for substituted aromatics and its strong acidity drives xylene isomerisation and ethylbenzene conversion at commercial rates. SiO₂/Al₂O₃ of 20-50 is typical.
For isomer separation (adsorption, not catalysis) — the ZC-ISO-1 binder-free hydrophobic MFI adsorbent separates aromatic isomers (xylenes, dichlorobenzene, dichlorotoluene) by selective adsorption.
When requesting a sample, specify your feed type, target isomerization route, and whether you need zeolite powder for formulation or a pre-formulated bifunctional catalyst.
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